Fresh-Pressed Olive Oil Club

Olive Oil Hunter #205

Hot Honey Sweet Potatoes Recipe, Spotlight on Sweet Potatoes, Is Morning Joe the Healthiest and More Motivation to Get Moving

Already nostalgic for the winter holidays? Rekindle memories of those special meals with this sweet potato dish—simple to make and tastes like a true indulgence. If you like a cup after a meal, you’ll be intrigued by the latest study on the brew—not how much to drink is safe to drink but when to drink it. And if the cold weather threatens to turn you into a couch potato (the only truly unhealthy kind of spud), asking yourself two questions can help you get back on track.

Hot Honey Sweet Potatoes

  • roasted sweet potatoes and pecans Hot Honey Sweet Potatoes

    The “hot honey” trend is as popular as ever, and it’s definitely not limited to wings. This recipe revs up the flavor of nutrient-dense sweet potatoes. It’s perfect if you’re looking for a meatless Monday dish any day of the week—just add a salad to get in your greens.

    Ingredients

    • 2 large sweet potatoes (see Healthy Ingredient Spotlight in weekly newsletter)
    • 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, divided use, plus more for drizzling
    • 4 ounces pecans
    • 3 tablespoons honey
    • 1/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper
    • 3 ounces mascarpone cheese

    Directions

    Step 1

    Heat your oven to 425°F. Scrub then thoroughly dry the sweet potatoes and pierce them in about a half-dozen places with the tip of a sharp paring knife. Place them on a rimmed sheet pan lined with parchment paper and rub with about 1 tablespoon of olive oil. Roast until tender, about an hour; the tip of a knife should easily slide through to the centers. Remove from the oven and let cool slightly. 

    Step 2

    Meanwhile, heat a small frying pan. When hot, add the pecans and dry roast them, shaking the pan often for about 2 minutes or until the nuts become fragrant. Add the remaining 2 tablespoons of olive oil, the honey, and cayenne, and toss well. Remove from the heat.

    Step 3

    Peel the potatoes and cut them into even rounds, about 1/2-inch thick. Place them on a serving platter and top with the pecan mixture. Place a small dollop of mascarpone over each slice and drizzle with olive oil.

    Yields 4 servings

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Sweet potatoes or yams?

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Sweet Potatoes or Yams?

No matter what they’re called in supermarkets, the orange tubers you see are sweet potatoes. True yams, cultivated mostly in Africa, Asia, South America, and the Caribbean, are quite different and pretty hard to find in the US unless you’re shopping at specialty markets with produce from those regions. With a very thick skin and primarily white flesh, yams have a less pronounced flavor than sweet potatoes, though that will differ by origin.

If you want to branch out from run-of-the-mill sweet potatoes, you might want to try white and purple sweet potatoes, although they don’t have as much beta-carotene as traditional orange varieties like Jewel, Garnet, and Beauregard, each with subtle differences in taste.

Purple potatoes
Quick Kitchen Nugget: For Even Roasting

Quick Kitchen Nugget

For Even Roasting

Thinner sweet potatoes will take less time to roast than large round ones, but the most important consideration when buying them is that they’re all roughly the same size for a given meal. This way, they’ll all cook in the same amount of time and you won’t risk burning smaller ones while waiting for the others to finish. 

For Your Best Health: Is Morning Joe the Healthiest?

For Your Best Health

Is Morning Joe the Healthiest?

Hot cup of coffee

There’s no shortage of research on the benefits of coffee, with most studies trying to find the right number of daily cups to help lower the risk for chronic conditions like heart disease, dementia, and diabetes and lead to better overall health. A recent study from researchers at Tulane, Harvard, and The George Washington University looked at whether when you drink coffee makes a difference. They found that, for health benefits, drinking coffee only in the morning might be the best option.

This observational study included 40,725 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018 who had provided dietary data and 1,463 adults from the Women’s and Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study who had completed a 7-day dietary record. After more than 9 years of follow-up that looked at all-cause mortality as well as deaths specifically from heart disease and cancer, the researchers concluded that people who drank one or two cups of coffee limited to the morning hours—within the time frame of 4 am to noon—had a 16% lower risk of premature death from any cause and a 31% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. People who drank coffee all day did not have a reduction in risk.

Fitness Flash: More Motivation to Get Moving

Fitness Flash

More Motivation to Get Moving

University of Iowa researchers are recommending that people be surveyed about their physical activity levels at health visits, after their new study underscored the link between physical activity and chronic disease. The researchers, led by Lucas Carr, PhD, associate professor in the Department of Health and Human Physiology, examined responses from more than 7,000 patients at University of Iowa Health Care Medical Center who noted their level of physical activity in a questionnaire called The Exercise Vital Sign Survey. It asked just two questions: On average, how many days per week do you engage in moderate to vigorous exercise (like a brisk walk), and on average, how many minutes do you engage in exercise at this level?

“This two-question survey typically takes fewer than 30 seconds for a patient to complete, so it doesn’t interfere with their visit. But it can tell us a whole lot about that patient’s overall health,” Dr. Carr said.

From patients’ answers to the questionnaire, the researchers found that those who reported the highest level of physical activity—meaning they exercised moderately to vigorously at least 150 minutes per week—were at statistically significant lower risk of having 19 chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and diabetes. The findings further suggested patients who are least active—meaning they reported little to no exercise in a given week—are at increased risk of developing a chronic disease.

While the link between physical activity and reduced risk of chronic disease is not a new finding, the researchers say the study underscores the value of surveying patients about their physical activity levels.

“We believe this finding is a result of those patients who take the time to come in for annual wellness exams [being those who] also are taking more time to engage in healthy behaviors, such as being physically active,” Dr. Carr said.

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Olive Oil Hunter News #202

Chicken Scallopini with Olives Recipe, Spotlight on Balsamic Vinegar, Making Chicken Scallopini, The Future of Personalized Disease Prevention Plans and Exercise for Better Sleep

Looking to elevate midweek dinners? This chicken recipe is made with thin slices of cutlets, often called scallopini, which cook up quickly, and it’s finished with a sauce that comes together in just a few more minutes. I’m also sharing a fascinating look at the future of personalized health—how advances in technology may one day pinpoint your unique health risks and help you prevent them. One thing you can do right now is to learn how to get better sleep using exercise as an aid.

Chicken Scallopini with Olives

  • chicken scallopini with olives Chicken Scallopini with Olives

    Grated hard cheese, like Parmigiano-Reggiano, makes a great addition to panko for breading chicken. Olives and diced tomatoes combine for a zesty sauce. Choose whatever olives you like best. For a milder taste, I love Castelvetrano olives; for a stronger taste, go for Kalamata. 

    Ingredients

    • 3 tablespoons whole wheat flour 
    • 1 teaspoon coarse sea salt
    • 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
    • 2 large eggs, well beaten
    • 1/2 cup freshly grated Parmigiano-Reggiano
    • 1/2 cup panko or fine fresh breadcrumbs
    • 1/4 cup extra virgin olive oil, plus more for drizzling
    • 4 boneless, skinless chicken breasts cut scallopini-style (see Healthy Ingredient in our weekly newsletter)
    • 4 ounces mushrooms, sliced
    • One 28-ounce can diced tomatoes
    • 1 cup pitted olives
    • 1/4 cup chopped fresh basil
    • 1 tablespoon capers with their brine
    • 1 tablespoon balsamic vinegar of Modena, such as Condimento Barili Exclusivi, plus more for drizzling

    Directions

    Step 1

    Set out three glass pie plates or wide bowls. In one, add and mix the flour, salt, and pepper; in another, place the beaten eggs; and in the third, add and mix the grated cheese and breadcrumbs. 

    Step 2

    Heat a large frying pan over medium heat. When hot, add the olive oil and, working quickly, dip a chicken piece in the flour, then the egg, and then in cheese-breadcrumbs, and add to the pan. Repeat with as many pieces as will fit without crowding; if necessary, cook in two batches. Sauté until the undersides are brown and crispy, about 5 minutes, then flip and continue to sauté until cooked through, about another 3 minutes or until an instant-read thermometer reads 165°F. Add the mushrooms to the pan and sauté lightly.

    Step 3

    If you cooked the chicken in batches, return them all to the pan. Add the tomatoes with all their juice, the olives, basil, capers, and brine and bring to a low boil. Cook for 5 minutes, using a spatula to scrape up any fond on the bottom of the pan. Drizzle on the vinegar and serve. Pass more vinegar and olive oil for drizzling.

    Yields 4 servings

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Balsamic Vinegar

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Balsamic Vinegar

A true balsamic vinegar crafted according to time-honored techniques in Modena, Italy, is the perfect balance of acidity, sweetness from grape must (the juice of freshly pressed grapes—skins, seeds, and stems), and woodiness from aging in special barrels. As a finishing touch, it imparts richness and complexity to savory dishes. And unlike commercial sauces and salad dressings, it has no added sugar—just natural sweetness from the grapes. 

Because you don’t want to cook it, balsamic is typically added as a last step or a garnish of sorts—it’s perfect drizzled over filet mignon or a fine risotto. It’s also a wonderful way to sauce mature or fresh cheeses, charcuterie, steamed vegetables, and savory tarts. I especially love it over strawberries, ice cream (especially vanilla olive oil ice cream), and flourless chocolate cake. 

Quick Kitchen Nugget: Making Chicken Scallopini

Quick Kitchen Nugget

Making Chicken Scallopini

Pounding chicken for scallopini

Slicing chicken into scallops is not as complicated as it sounds. The most important tool is a sharp, non-serrated knife, and the most important part of the technique is placing the palm of one hand straight out on the top of the breast as it lies flat on your cutting board—point your fingers toward the ceiling and away from your knife. With an average-sized breast, make one horizontal cut in the length of the breast to separate it in two. For a very large breast, you might be able to fillet it into 3 pieces—the top slice will most likely have less surface area than the others, and that’s fine. 

To make the pieces even thinner (the ideal thickness for fast cooking is about 1/4 inch), you can pound them between two pieces of parchment paper with a kitchen mallet or one end of a rolling pin. Start gently to avoid pounding a hole in the scallopini, and go across each piece in a uniform pattern for even thickness. 

For Your Best Health: The Future of Personalized Disease Prevention Plans

For Your Best Health

The Future of Personalized Disease Prevention Plans

Most of us know about general guidelines for healthy living, such as eating nutritious foods and getting daily exercise. But what if you could combine these lifestyle habits with a personalized plan that takes into account your unique risks for developing specific diseases in order to help catch and treat them early or prevent them altogether? According to Victor Ortega, MD, PhD, associate director for the Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine in Arizona, science is drawing closer to making personal health forecasts possible.

That’s because of new and sophisticated technologies that capture data spanning entire genomes, Dr. Ortega said. The complex scores are compiled from a combination of data from thousands to hundreds of thousands of a person’s DNA sequence variants. This type of large genome-wide data has the potential to predict disease risks, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.

Each person has millions of genetic variants, each having a small effect. But together, these variants can increase the risk of getting a condition. A polygenic risk score estimates the overall risk someone has of getting a disease by adding up the small effects of variants throughout an individual’s entire genome. 

“Imagine knowing your genetic predisposition for having a heart attack in your 50s or if you’re in the top 5% of the population for the risk of cancer or diabetes based on data from your whole genome. With this knowledge, you could make informed lifestyle choices and receive enhanced screenings to mitigate that risk,” Dr. Ortega said.

As a pulmonologist and genomic scientist, Dr. Ortega is leading a charge to breathe new life into precision medicine advancements. His mission is rooted in a deep commitment to health equities and inspired by his grandmother. “My grandmother died of asthma, and that should not have happened. She was Puerto Rican like me, and Puerto Ricans have the highest severity and frequency of asthma of any ethnic group in the world,” Dr. Ortega said. “They also represent less than 1% of people in genetic studies. So, I’ve made it a life mission to develop cures and diagnostics for people like my grandma and for all people.” 

Some people who don’t have a high risk score for a certain disease can still be at risk of getting the disease or might already have it. Other people with high risk scores may never get the disease. People with the same genetic risk can have different outcomes, depending on other factors such as lifestyle determining one’s lifelong environmental exposures, also called the exposome. Dr. Ortega said that getting to the point where all people know their polygenic risk scores will require a solid foundation of “omics” research and datasets, cutting-edge technologies, and further discoveries of gene-disease links, all of which are within his team’s expertise and capabilities. Omics is an emerging multidisciplinary field of biological sciences that encompasses genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and more.

“It’s going to take considerable work and planning, but it really is the way of the future,” he said. In the shorter term, Dr. Ortega plans to transition more omics discoveries from research laboratories to the clinic. Omics data can help identify the molecular culprits driving a person’s disease, as well as biomarkers that can lead to the development of targeted treatments and diagnostics.

Recent omics discoveries at the Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine have enabled scientists to predict antidepressant responses in people with depression and discover a potential therapeutic strategy for bone marrow cancer. Scientists have also used omics to pinpoint genetic variations that potentially increase the risk for severe COVID-19, uncover potential clues for preventing and treating gliomas, and unravel the genetic mystery of a rare neurodevelopmental disorder.

Dr. Ortega is leading the development of a polygenic risk score framework for Mayo Clinic, beginning with interstitial lung disease. This condition, marked by the progressive scarring of lung tissue, is influenced by both rare gene variants and a collection of more common variants, all of which are captured together in polygenic risk scores.

Drawing from his years of extensive clinical experience in treating patients with severe respiratory illnesses, Dr. Ortega is also working to expand genomic testing to a broader set of diseases. He highlights the center’s collaborative Program for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases as an effective model that he hopes to amplify. The program proactively engages healthcare teams across Mayo’s clinical practice to conduct targeted genomic testing for patients with a suspected rare genetic disease. Expanding this strategy to more diseases will help build collaborations across Mayo and educate more clinicians on genomics. It may also ensure that the most effective genomic sequencing tests are given to patients, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.

Fitness Flash: Exercise for Better Sleep

Fitness Flash

Exercise for Better Sleep

“Engaging in winter sports and recreational activities is an excellent way to support cardiovascular health and overall well-being,” said Alexander P. Sah, MD, FAAOS, orthopedic surgeon and spokesperson for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the world’s largest medical association of musculoskeletal specialists. “However, cold weather brings unique risks that shouldn’t be ignored. Each year, healthcare facilities across the country see an uptick in bone and joint injuries tied to winter activities, many of which are preventable with the right preparation and safety measures.”

Meditate before bed for restful sleep

When you’re heading outdoors to enjoy your favorite cold-weather activities as well as when snuggling up in front of a roaring fire, consider these safety tips from Dr. Sah and fellow bone and joint health experts at AAOS to keep winter conditions from making routine activities hazardous:

Protect your back when shoveling snow. Lifting injuries can happen quickly and are very painful. Bend at the knees to use the large leg and glute muscles instead of your back when picking up heavy items. Don’t twist or rotate while lifting, especially when shoveling. Bend your knees and pivot your whole body, not just your torso. 

Tread lightly and move confidently. If you live in a wintry climate, icy surfaces can lurk anywhere. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that approximately 1 million Americans are injured annually because of falling on ice and snow. Wear shoes with good traction to prevent slipping and falling, or buy slip-on shoe gear that adds traction when walking on ice. 

Ski smart. Anterior cruciate ligament tears in the knee joint are common among skiers and snowboarders. Many injuries occur from falling backward or twisting the knee. Research has shown that keeping arms forward and hips over the knees can reduce the risk of injury. Adjust your bindings to meet your ability. 

Don’t get burned. Practice caution with all types of open flames, such as candles and fireplaces, as well as when using your kitchen stove, and keep children and pets far away from them. Know what to do in case of a burn: Treat minor burns with cool running water, a sterile bandage, and an over-the-counter pain reliever. Serious burns require immediate medical attention.

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Olive Oil Hunter News #201

Beef Stew à la Française Recipe, Spotlight on Dijon Mustards, Dredging Meat, A Different Kind of Resolution and How to Avoid Injury During Winter Activities

When there’s a chill in the air, there needs to be something hot and tasty on the stove! My version of beef stew adds a few French touches—notably the Dijon mustards and brandy—for a dish that’s as delicious as it is comforting. For even greater well-being, consider becoming an optimist—it’s a state of mind with unique benefits. And on a practical level, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has tips for staying safe when conditions are icy.

Beef Stew à la Française

  • Beef Stew à la Française Beef Stew à la Française

    The aromas wafting from this stew as it cooks are tantalizing! And the finished dish is worth the wait (it gets even better the next day). Enjoy it on its own, over broad noodles, or with a side of creamy mashed potatoes.

    Ingredients

    • 1/4 cup whole wheat flour
    • 1 teaspoon sea salt, plus more as needed
    • 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper, plus more as needed
    • 4 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, divided use
    • 4 garlic cloves, minced
    • 12 shallots, trimmed and peeled 
    • 12 ounces white mushrooms, trimmed as needed and sliced
    • 2 pounds stew beef, trimmed of external fat and cut into roughly 1-inch chunks 
    • 1/2 cup Armagnac, Cognac, or other brandy
    • 2 cups beef stock, more as needed
    • 1/2 cup dry red wine
    • 1/3 cup creamy Dijon mustard
    • 1/3 cup whole-grain Dijon mustard
    • 1 teaspoon herbes de Provence
    • 6 carrots, peeled and sliced into 2-inch lengths

    Directions

    Step 1

    In a bowl large enough to hold the meat, whisk together the flour, salt, and pepper; set aside near your stovetop. Heat a large Dutch oven or stockpot over medium heat. When hot, add 2 tablespoons olive oil, the garlic, and shallots, and sauté until they soften. Add the mushrooms and continue cooking until they’ve browned. Use a slotted spoon to transfer the garlic, shallots, and mushrooms to a bowl. 

    Step 2

    Add the rest of the olive oil to the pot. Dredge the meat cubes in the flour mixture and add them to the pot (work in batches if needed to avoid crowding). Use tongs to turn them to get a nice sear on all sides. Deglaze the pot with the brandy, using a spatula to get up all the bits of fond on the bottom.

    Step 3

    Add back the vegetables and the rest of the ingredients, stirring to combine. Bring the liquid to a simmer, cover but leave the lid slightly ajar, and cook over low heat for 2 hours. Check periodically to see whether you need to add more stock to avoid scorching. When done, the meat should be so tender that it almost falls apart. Taste and add more salt and pepper if needed.

    Yields 8 servings

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Dijon mustards

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Dijon Mustards

Dijon mustards

Dijon, France, is the capital of the Burgundy region, known not only for its wines but also for its mustards. Traditional Dijon mustard is creamy yet spicy and my go-to for making delicious vinaigrettes and adding pungency to soups and stews, not to mention sandwiches and canapés. I also appreciate Dijon mustard variations, like grainy mustard—which primarily consists of whole mustard seeds—and country style, a mix of creamy and grainy. Dijon mustard’s heat comes from using brown and black mustard seeds—yellow mustards, made with yellow mustard seeds, are a lot milder. Unlike Champagne, which must be made from grapes from the Champagne region to bear that name, Dijon is not a protected term and can be made anywhere as long as it follows a certain recipe. For a true French Dijon mustard, check out the Maille brand, which was started in 1747 and is readily available on supermarket shelves in the US. Traveling? Maille has boutiques in Dijon, Paris, and London.

Quick Kitchen Nugget: Why dredge?

Quick Kitchen Nugget

Why Dredge?

Dredging meat in flour before cooking serves a tasty purpose: It encourages browning and, in turn, enhances flavor. Dredging as part of breading chicken cutlets, for example, helps the egg and then the breadcrumbs adhere. And it helps to thicken stews as they cook. While most recipes call for dregding with all-purpose flour, using whole wheat or white whole wheat flour has the edge—both of these flours retain the nutrients of the whole grain without changing the taste of the finished dish.

For Your Best Health: Keeping Diabetes in Check

For Your Best Health

A Different Kind of Resolution

Beyond diet and exercise, there’s another resolution that may be even easier to stick with: embracing optimism. According to Scott L. Rogers, JD, a lecturer at the University of Miami School of Law and director of the Mindfulness in Law Program, there are many advantages to cultivating this state of mind. Here are some of his thoughts:

Optimism impacts mental and emotional well-being in stressful situations. Optimism shapes how you interpret situations and can often reduce your perceived stress. Even more, optimism can help you navigate rough situations more effectively, leading to better outcomes that enhance your emotional well-being.

An optimistic mindset can contribute to personal and professional success. When challenges arise, how we perceive and respond to them largely depends on our perspective and outlook for the future. An optimistic mindset—a way of approaching our experiences that recognizes the opportunities within situations and believes in our ability to contribute to positive outcomes—enables us to more effectively identify and pursue paths to achieve desired results. 

Optimism can enhance physical health. Research suggests that approaching life’s events with a more optimistic outlook can boost health in part because of the release of hormones and neurotransmitters that improve mood and provide protective effects on the body. Additionally, positive emotions associated with optimism may boost the immune system, making the body more resistant to infections, reducing the risk of chronic diseases, and protecting against anxiety and depression. 

Optimism can positively influence relationships and social connections. Optimism is contagious. Spending time with people who see the glass as half full—and feel empowered to refill it when it’s empty—can positively influence your outlook. Optimistic individuals tend to focus on solutions rather than dwelling on problems. Their hopeful and resilient approach not only models constructive ways of viewing the world but also helps reinforce optimistic thinking patterns while counteracting self-doubt and negative self-talk. 

Optimism can help you overcome challenges. By focusing on the positive side of things, you’ll be more likely to view challenges as opportunities for learning and growth. You’ll start to see setbacks as external and temporary rather than internal and permanent. Over time, these tendencies become reinforced, building resilience.

Rogers pointed out that optimism can be cultivated through mindfulness, gratitude, cognitive-behavioral techniques, and spending time with optimistic and supportive people. He also gave two important reminders about optimism: “The first is that all of us can develop a more optimistic mindset. The second is that change takes place over time—a gradual process where little shifts can be rewarding and a gift to both you and those with whom you work and [who you] love.” 

Fitness Flash: Avoiding injury during winter activities

Fitness Flash

Avoiding Injury During Winter Activities

“Engaging in winter sports and recreational activities is an excellent way to support cardiovascular health and overall well-being,” said Alexander P. Sah, MD, FAAOS, orthopedic surgeon and spokesperson for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the world’s largest medical association of musculoskeletal specialists. “However, cold weather brings unique risks that shouldn’t be ignored. Each year, healthcare facilities across the country see an uptick in bone and joint injuries tied to winter activities, many of which are preventable with the right preparation and safety measures.”

When you’re heading outdoors to enjoy your favorite cold-weather activities as well as when snuggling up in front of a roaring fire, consider these safety tips from Dr. Sah and fellow bone and joint health experts at AAOS to keep winter conditions from making routine activities hazardous:

Protect your back when shoveling snow. Lifting injuries can happen quickly and are very painful. Bend at the knees to use the large leg and glute muscles instead of your back when picking up heavy items. Don’t twist or rotate while lifting, especially when shoveling. Bend your knees and pivot your whole body, not just your torso. 

Tread lightly and move confidently. If you live in a wintry climate, icy surfaces can lurk anywhere. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that approximately 1 million Americans are injured annually because of falling on ice and snow. Wear shoes with good traction to prevent slipping and falling, or buy slip-on shoe gear that adds traction when walking on ice. 

Ski smart. Anterior cruciate ligament tears in the knee joint are common among skiers and snowboarders. Many injuries occur from falling backward or twisting the knee. Research has shown that keeping arms forward and hips over the knees can reduce the risk of injury. Adjust your bindings to meet your ability. 

Don’t get burned. Practice caution with all types of open flames, such as candles and fireplaces, as well as when using your kitchen stove, and keep children and pets far away from them. Know what to do in case of a burn: Treat minor burns with cool running water, a sterile bandage, and an over-the-counter pain reliever. Serious burns require immediate medical attention.

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Olive Oil Hunter #199

Vietnamese-Style Cucumber Salad Recipe, Spotlight on Cucumbers, Keeping Diabetes in Check, Plus Exercise to Curb Appetite

With the year-round availability of cucumbers, it’s always time for cucumber salad! Fresh-pressed olive oil is a wonderful addition to Asian ingredients, as you’ll taste with this bountiful veggie bowl—it’s a great way to get healthier-eating plans off the ground. Need help curbing appetite? A study I’m sharing suggests exercise intensity can help. Plus here’s what you need to know about the negative effects of ultra-processed foods on blood sugar control.

Vietnamese-Style Cucumber Salad

  • Vietnamese-Style Cucumber Salad Vietnamese-Style Cucumber Salad

    Inspired by the ingredients in a traditional Vietnamese summer roll, this is a zesty salad that’s hearty enough for a meal any time of the year. To make the recipe your own, choose the types of cucumber and chiles you like best.

    Ingredients

    • 1 pound cucumbers 
    • 1/2 teaspoon sea salt
    • 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
    • 2 tablespoons rice wine vinegar
    • 2 tablespoons sugar
    • 2 tablespoons lime juice
    • 2 tablespoons sweet chili sauce such as Mae Ploy (available at Asian markets)
    • 1/4 cup chopped red onion
    • 1 chile, such as jalapeño, serrano, or poblano, depending on heat preference, stemmed and chopped 
    • 1 carrot, peeled and cut into matchsticks
    • 2 scallions, trimmed and sliced on the diagonal into 2-inch pieces
    • 2 Hass avocados, ripe but still firm
    • 1 pound cooked jumbo shrimp 
    • 1/3 cup peanuts
    • 2 tablespoons chopped fresh mint leaves
    • 2 tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro leaves

    Directions

    Step 1

    If using thin English or Persian cucumbers, slice them into 1/4-inch discs; if using thicker cukes, cut them in half lengthwise, then into half-moon shapes about 1/4-inch thick. Place the slices in a large colander set over a large bowl or in the sink and sprinkle with the salt; toss well. Allow the cucumbers to sweat for about 15 minutes, then rinse to remove extra salt and shake well. 

    Step 2

    In a large glass bowl, mix the olive oil, vinegar, sugar, lime juice, and sweet chili sauce. Add in the cucumbers, red onion, chile, carrots, and scallions, and toss to combine. Cut the avocados into small cubes and halve each shrimp lengthwise from top to tail; fold both into the cucumber salad along with the peanuts and herbs. Allow the mixture to marinate for about 20 minutes, then serve at room temperature.

    Yields 4 servings

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Cucumbers

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Cukes!

Whether you choose the ubiquitous American garden cucumber or opt for a thinner variety, like short Persian or long English cucumbers, cukes are extremely versatile, often taking on the flavors of the other ingredients in a recipe. Very low in calories, cucumbers can fill you up and help you stayed hydrated, thanks to their high water content. They also make perfect dippers for salsa, guac, and more. Keep on the peel to get maximum nutrients, notably vitamin K, along with small amounts of vitamin C, potassium, calcium, and fiber.  

Commercially grown garden cucumbers are typically treated with an edible wax to keep them from drying out. It’s possible to scrub some of it off with a food brush, but if it keeps you from eating the nutrient-rich peel, buy unwaxed cukes at farmers’ markets or opt for one of the thin varieties, typically sold unwaxed but often shrink-wrapped to protect them. 

Quick Kitchen Nugget: Cucumber Prep

Quick Kitchen Nugget

Cucumber Prep

Cucumber seeds are rich in nutrients, so they should be eaten. But the larger the cucumber, the more bitter the seeds can taste. If you want to remove them for a recipe, the simplest tool to use is a spoon, preferably a grapefruit spoon. Slice the cucumber in half lengthwise, then run the tip of the spoon from one end to the other to remove the seeds in long strips. Rather than discard them, you can save them, refrigerated, to add to your next smoothie.  

For Your Best Health: Keeping Diabetes in Check

For Your Best Health

Keeping Diabetes in Check

There’s no end to the warnings about the perils of a diet high in ultra-processed foods, from sodas and packaged snacks to even certain types of sugar-sweetened yogurt. Recent studies have found links to higher rates of cardiovascular disease, obesity, sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, and even early death. New research n ultra-pprocessed foods done at the University of Texas (UT) and published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics should be of particular concern to the millions of Americans managing type 2 diabetes.  

The study used baseline data from an ongoing clinical trial called Texas Strength Through Resilience in Diabetes Education (TX STRIDE), led by Mary Steinhardt in UT’s College of Education. Participants included 273 African American adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and recruited through Austin-area churches. Each participant provided two 24-hour diet recalls and a blood sample to measure HbA1C, a snapshot of blood sugar control over the past three months

“There are a lot of ways to look at and measure healthy eating,” said Marissa Burgermaster, PhD, assistant professor of nutritional sciences and senior author of the paper. “We set out to see which measurement was associated with blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. We found that the more ultra-processed foods by weight in a person’s diet, the worse their blood sugar control was, and the more minimally processed or unprocessed foods in a person’s diet, the better their control was.” Also, eating more ultra-processed correleated to higher HbA1C levels while eating fewer ultra-processed correleated to lower HbA1C levels. Having an HbA1C below 7 is considered ideal for people with type 2 diabetes, and people who consumed, on average, 18% or fewer of their grams of food from ultra-processed foods were more likely to meet this mark.

Ultra-processed foods are typically higher in added sugars and sodium, but the researchers concluded that the HbA1C increases they saw were not about merely added sugar and sodium, or they would have correlated with the typical tools that measure overall nutritional quality in the diet. Synthetic flavors, added colors, emulsifiers, artificial sweeteners, and other artificial ingredients may be in part to blame, hypothesized Erin Hudson, a graduate student and co-author of the paper, and this would suggest that dietary guidelines may need to begin placing more emphasis on ultra-processed foods and its additives.

Fitness Flash: Exercise to Curb Appetite

Fitness Flash

Exercise to Curb Appetite

A vigorous workout does more to suppress hunger levels in healthy adults than does moderate exercise, and women in particular may benefit from this response, according to a small study published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society that examined the effects of exercise intensity on ghrelin levels and appetite in men and women. Ghrelin is nicknamed “the hunger hormone” because it’s associated with perceptions of hunger. It’s also been shown to have wide-ranging biological effects in areas including energy balance, glucose homeostasis, immune function, sleep, and memory.

“We found that high-intensity exercise suppressed ghrelin levels more than moderate-intensity exercise,” said lead author Kara Anderson, PhD, of the University of Virginia and the University of Virginia Health System in Charlottesville. “In addition, we found that individuals felt ‘less hungry’ after high-intensity exercise compared to moderate-intensity exercise.”

High-intensity exercise

Ghrelin circulates in acylated (AG) and deacylated (DAG) forms, which are known to affect appetite. Data on the impact of exercise intensity on AG and DAG levels, and their effects on appetite, is sparse and primarily limited to men, the study noted. To address this shortfall, the study examined eight men and six women. Participants fasted overnight, completed exercises of varying intensity levels that were determined by measurements of blood lactate, and then self-reported measurements of appetite. 

The women had higher levels of total ghrelin at baseline compared with the men, yet demonstrated “significantly reduced AG” following the intense exercise, according to the findings. The researchers found that “moderate intensity either did not change ghrelin levels or led to a net increase.” This suggests that exercise above the lactate threshold “may be necessary to elicit a suppression in ghrelin.”

“Exercise should be thought of as a ‘drug,’ where the ‘dose’ should be customized based on an individual’s personal goals,” Dr. Anderson said. “Our research suggests that high-intensity exercise may be important for appetite suppression, which can be particularly useful as part of a weight loss program.” The researchers also acknowledged that more work is needed to determine the extent to which the effects of exercise differ by gender. 

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