Fresh-Pressed Olive Oil Club

Olive Oil Hunter News #195

Swedish Meatballs and Ultra Creamy Eggnog Recipes, Spotlight on Black Peppercorns and Cinnamon, Digital Scales for Precise Measuring, Soft Drinks and Stroke Risk, and Benefits of Yoga

Are you getting into the holiday mindset and wondering how to cook up delicious dishes without relying on the same old same old? I’ve got two recipes you’ll want to try ASAP: sensational Swedish meatballs and an ultra-creamy eggnog. The flavors of both recipes are turbo-charged with spices in the latest collection from the T. J. Robinson Curated Culinary Selections—two  perennial favorites heirloom Vietnamese cinnamon and vine-ripened black peppercorns. 

I was fascinated by the research I’m detailing on how certain beverages can increase the risk for stroke, considered a disease of the brain—plenty of food (make that drink) for thought! And if the excitement of the holidays causes added stress for you as it does for so many, consider yoga for your next me-time activity. If you’ve never tried it before, this gentle practice could be impactful in many ways.

Swedish Meatballs

  • Swedish Meatballs Swedish Meatballs

    A rich cream sauce, enhanced with freshly ground black peppercorns and nutmeg, defines the Swedish take on meatballs. Serve over noodles or mashed potatoes with a helping of lingonberry jam (whole cranberry sauce makes a tasty alternative). These meatballs also make a terrific passed hors d’oeuvre for holiday gatherings.

    Ingredients

    • 1 cup fresh breadcrumbs or panko
    • 1/2 cup half-and-half
    • 1 pound​ lean ground beef
    • 1 pound ground pork
    • 2 large eggs, slightly beaten
    • 2 teaspoons garlic powder
    • 1/2 teaspoon freshly groundnutmeg, plus more for serving
    • 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice
    • 1 small yellow onion, minced
    • 1 teaspoon sea salt, plus more to taste
    • 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper, plus more to taste
    • 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
    • 3 tablespoons unsalted butter 
    • 1/4 cup all-purpose or white whole wheat flour
    • 3 cups homemade or low-sodium store-bought beef stock
    • 1/2 cup heavy cream
    • Optional: 2 tablespoons freshly chopped flat-leaf parsley

    Directions

    Step 1

    In a very large bowl, soak the breadcrumbs in the half-and-half. When the breadcrumbs have fully absorbed the liquid, add in the ground meats, eggs, garlic powder, nutmeg, allspice, onions, salt, and pepper. Use your hands to completely mix all the ingredients, then form 1-inch meatballs. 

    Step 2

    Heat a large skillet over medium heat. When hot, add the olive oil and brown the meatballs on all sides (you may need to do this in batches to avoid cramming them). Transfer the meatballs to a clean dish. Add the butter to the skillet; when melted, sprinkle on the flour and whisk constantly until the roux browns, about 3 to 5 minutes. Whisk in the stock, about a cup at a time, bringing it back to a boil to thicken before adding the next cup. Stir in the heavy cream, then add back the meatballs. Simmer for 5 to 10 minutes, until an instant-read thermometer reaches 165°F in a few meatballs. Top with more nutmeg and, if desired, the parsley.

    Yields 6 to 8 servings 

Ultra Creamy Eggnog

  • Ultra Creamy Eggnog Ultra Creamy Eggnog

    Rich and creamy, fresh eggnog makes you feel like you’re sipping on vanilla custard—so good that you’ll never go back to the premade versions in the grocery dairy case. Spike it with your favorite spirit, such as brandy, bourbon, rum, or whisky, if desired.

    Ingredients

    • 2 large eggs plus 4 yolks 
    • 1/2 cup brown sugar 
    • 2 cups milk
    • 1 cup heavy cream 
    • 1 teaspoon freshly ground nutmeg, plus more for sprinkling 
    • 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, plus more for sprinkling 
    • 1 teaspoon vanilla
    • Pinch of fine sea salt

    Directions

    Step 1

    Whisk the eggs and yolks and sugar together in a medium bowl until well blended; set aside. In a saucepan over medium heat, slowly bring the milk and cream to a simmer. Ladle a small amount into the eggs to temper them, then slowly transfer the egg mixture back to the saucepan. Cook, whisking continuously, until it reaches 160°F on an instant read thermometer (the temperature it takes to “cook” the eggs); don’t let it reach a boil.

    Step 2

    Take the saucepan off the heat and stir in the nutmeg, cinnamon, vanilla, and salt. For the smoothest eggnog, strain it through a fine sieve into a heat-safe pitcher. When it comes to room temperature, cover and place in the fridge until cold and thickened (you can do this up to three days in advance). 

    Step 3

    To serve, pour into festive glasses, sprinkle on more cinnamon, and grate more nutmeg right over the top. 

    Yields 4 drinks

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Calamansi Vinegar

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Black Peppercorns and Cinnamon

Caramelized Onion Powder


Once the most coveted spice in the world, peppercorns were the original “black gold.” Grown in bunches like tiny grapes, they are the seeds of a plant and are considered a fruit. Enjoy freshly ground black pepper on favorite foods like eggs, mashed potatoes, and tuna salad, but also have fun finding new ways to appreciate its flavor. It makes a perfect “crust” for steak, duck breast, and tuna, and enlivens roasted sweet potatoes and winter squashes, vegetable slaws, cold pasta salads, the Italian classic cacio e pepe, mulled wine, and wine-poached pears. Ancient Indian and Egyptian cultures used peppercorns as an anti-inflammatory, an analgesic, and even a preservative. Contemporary research has found that there’s science to back up those early practices, thanks to the enzymes in piperine. 

Marash Red Chili Flakes

Harvested for thousands of years, Vietnamese cinnamon is world renowned for its spicy sweetness. Reach for cinnamon to top your lattes and add sweet spice to smoothies and oatmeal. It will elevate fruit-based desserts, from a simple baked apple to wine-poached pears, as well as baked treats like all-American gingerbread cookies, spiced banana bread, a rich babka, and even richer baklava. It adds depth to both savory and sweet dishes, from dried-fruit-and-nut-laden Persian rice and Moroccan tagines to Mexican moles and churros to Vietnamese Pho to Greek moussaka. In ancient times, cinnamon was the go-to remedy for respiratory and digestive ills. We’re still learning about its benefits today. According to a review paper in Pharmacognosy Research, the phytochemicals in cinnamon could be good for brain health, boosting the brain’s ability to use glucose, the energy source that supplies every part of the body. They’re also being studied to help lower blood pressure, manage diabetes, and boost heart health, along with fighting off cell damage caused by toxins in our environment.

Quick Kitchen Nugget: Measuring Precisely

Quick Kitchen Nugget

A More Precise Measure

Digital Scale with baking ingredients

While measuring spoons are the tried-and-true way most people measure quantities, you might find more and more references to gram weights for ingredients in recipes. That’s because an ingredient’s weight is more precise, especially when you are measuring whole spices that don’t fit perfectly in a spoon. An electronic scale with a bright digital readout will be a great addition to your kitchen gadgets. 

For Your Best Health: New Concerns Over Popular Soft Drinks 

For Your Best Health

New Concerns Over Popular Soft Drinks 

It’s no secret that drinking sugar-sweetened soda does nothing to boost health, but recent findings from the INTERSTROKE research project have expanded the list of concerns linked to these and other beverages with regard to stroke. Stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, damaging brain cells. Ischemic stroke, the predominant type, is when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked by a clot or plaque; hemorrhagic stroke is when a blood vessel in the brain breaks and bleeds into surrounding tissue.

INTERSTROKE is one of the largest international studies of risk factors for stroke. It includes almost 27,000 people, nearly half of whom experienced a first stroke; they come from 27 countries across North and South America, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia and represent a broad range of ethnic as well as geographical backgrounds and different cardiovascular risk profiles. 

Scientists from the University of Galway in Ireland, in collaboration with McMaster University in Canada and an international network of stroke researchers, conducted two analyses of INTERSTROKE data and published their findings on the effects of carbonated drinks, fruit juice/drinks, and water in the Journal of Strokeand those related to tea and coffee in the International Journal of Stroke. 

The study that focused on carbonated drinks and fruit juice found:

  • Both sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened (“diet” or “zero sugar” versions) carbonated or fizzy drinks were linked with a 22% increased chance of stroke, and the risk increased sharply with two or more of these drinks a day. This link was greatest among people in Eastern/Central Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and South America.
  • Fruit juice drinks were correlated with a 37% increase in the chance of hemorrhagic stroke. With two of these drinks a day, the risk triples. Women were at a higher risk than men. 
  • Drinking more than 7 cups of water a day was linked with reduced odds of an ischemic stroke.

“Not all fruit drinks are created equal: Freshly squeezed fruit juices are most likely to bring benefits, but fruit drinks made from concentrates, with lots of added sugars and preservatives, may be harmful,” explained lead researcher on both studies Professor Andrew Smyth, MSc, PhD, professor of clinical epidemiology at University of Galway and consultant physician at Galway University Hospitals. The team noted that many products marketed as fruit juice are made from concentrates and contain added sugars and preservatives, which may offset the benefits usually linked with fresh fruit and actually increase stroke risk. “Our research also shows that the chance of stroke increases the more often someone consumes fizzy drinks,” he added. “As a doctor and as someone who has researched the risk of stroke, we would encourage people to avoid or minimize their consumption of fizzy and fruit drinks and to consider switching to water instead.”

The study that focused on the consumption of coffee and tea found:

  • Drinking more than four cups of coffee a day increased the chance of stroke by 37% but was not associated with stroke risk at lower intakes.
  • Drinking tea was linked with an 18%-20% reduced chance of stroke.
  • Drinking 3-4 cups per day of black tea, including Breakfast and Earl Grey teas, was linked with a 29% lower chance of stroke, while drinking 3-4 cups per day of green tea was linked with a 27% lower chance.
  • Adding milk may reduce or block the beneficial effects of antioxidants that can be found in tea: The reduced chance of stroke from drinking tea was lost for those who added milk.

“A key goal of the INTERSTROKE study is to provide usable information on how to reduce one’s risk of stroke. While hypertension is the most important risk factor, stroke risk can also be lowered through healthy lifestyle choices in diet and physical activity. The current study adds further information on what constitutes healthy choices on daily intake of beverages,” said Professor Martin O’Donnell, MB, PhD, executive dean of College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences at University of Galway, consultant stroke physician at Galway University Hospitals, and co-leader of the INTERSTROKE study in partnership with Professor Salim Yusuf of McMaster University, Canada.

Fitness Flash: Do You Do Yoga?

Fitness Flash

Do You Do Yoga?

With all of yoga’s benefits, it’s surprising that only about 15% of Americans take advantage of this mind-body practice. Far from the touchy-feely stereotype of twisting into a pretzel while chanting, there are many ways to tap into its many benefits.

It’s true that yoga began as a spiritual practice rooted in Indian philosophy thousands of years ago. Contemporary variations often focus more on its physical and mental well-being aspects. Through gentle yoga poses, breathing, and meditation, it’s possible to increase strength and flexibility while easing stress. There are also more challenging forms of yoga, such as hot yoga, that offer intense workouts (though these are not for everyone, especially if you’re pregnant).

According to NIH’s National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), yoga has overall benefits like improved sleep and a better emotional outlook and may also play a positive role in managing specific health conditions, like neck, low back, and knee pain; headaches; symptoms of anxiety and depression; and even quitting smoking and losing weight. 

While yoga is considered a safe form of exercise, the way to get the most from it and avoid injury is to learn it from a credentialed teacher and, if you have any health conditions, one who has expertise adjusting yoga to your specific health needs. The NCCIH suggests asking about the training and experience of the yoga instructor you’re considering, as well as talking with your healthcare provider and the yoga instructor in advance to go over any poses and practices that you may need to avoid or modify. There are many poses for beginners, and many to learn as you progress.

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Swedish Meatballs

A rich cream sauce, enhanced with freshly ground black peppercorns and nutmeg, defines the Swedish take on meatballs. Serve over noodles or mashed potatoes with a helping of lingonberry jam (whole cranberry sauce makes a tasty alternative). These meatballs also make a terrific passed hors d’oeuvre for holiday gatherings.

Ingredients

  • 1 cup fresh breadcrumbs or panko
  • 1/2 cup half-and-half
  • 1 pound​ lean ground beef
  • 1 pound ground pork
  • 2 large eggs, slightly beaten
  • 2 teaspoons garlic powder
  • 1/2 teaspoon freshly groundnutmeg, plus more for serving
  • 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice
  • 1 small yellow onion, minced
  • 1 teaspoon sea salt, plus more to taste
  • 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper, plus more to taste
  • 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
  • 3 tablespoons unsalted butter 
  • 1/4 cup all-purpose or white whole wheat flour
  • 3 cups homemade or low-sodium store-bought beef stock
  • 1/2 cup heavy cream
  • Optional: 2 tablespoons freshly chopped flat-leaf parsley

Directions

Step 1

In a very large bowl, soak the breadcrumbs in the half-and-half. When the breadcrumbs have fully absorbed the liquid, add in the ground meats, eggs, garlic powder, nutmeg, allspice, onions, salt, and pepper. Use your hands to completely mix all the ingredients, then form 1-inch meatballs. 

Step 2

Heat a large skillet over medium heat. When hot, add the olive oil and brown the meatballs on all sides (you may need to do this in batches to avoid cramming them). Transfer the meatballs to a clean dish. Add the butter to the skillet; when melted, sprinkle on the flour and whisk constantly until the roux browns, about 3 to 5 minutes. Whisk in the stock, about a cup at a time, bringing it back to a boil to thicken before adding the next cup. Stir in the heavy cream, then add back the meatballs. Simmer for 5 to 10 minutes, until an instant-read thermometer reaches 165°F in a few meatballs. Top with more nutmeg and, if desired, the parsley.

Yields 6 to 8 servings 

Ultra Creamy Eggnog

Rich and creamy, fresh eggnog makes you feel like you’re sipping on vanilla custard—so good that you’ll never go back to the premade versions in the grocery dairy case. Spike it with your favorite spirit, such as brandy, bourbon, rum, or whisky, if desired.

Ingredients

  • 2 large eggs plus 4 yolks 
  • 1/2 cup brown sugar 
  • 2 cups milk
  • 1 cup heavy cream 
  • 1 teaspoon freshly ground nutmeg, plus more for sprinkling 
  • 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, plus more for sprinkling 
  • 1 teaspoon vanilla
  • Pinch of fine sea salt

Directions

Step 1

Whisk the eggs and yolks and sugar together in a medium bowl until well blended; set aside. In a saucepan over medium heat, slowly bring the milk and cream to a simmer. Ladle a small amount into the eggs to temper them, then slowly transfer the egg mixture back to the saucepan. Cook, whisking continuously, until it reaches 160°F on an instant read thermometer (the temperature it takes to “cook” the eggs); don’t let it reach a boil.

Step 2

Take the saucepan off the heat and stir in the nutmeg, cinnamon, vanilla, and salt. For the smoothest eggnog, strain it through a fine sieve into a heat-safe pitcher. When it comes to room temperature, cover and place in the fridge until cold and thickened (you can do this up to three days in advance). 

Step 3

To serve, pour into festive glasses, sprinkle on more cinnamon, and grate more nutmeg right over the top. 

Yields 4 drinks

Olive Oil Hunter News #194

Rich Onion Dip and Jerk Seasoning Recipes, Spotlight on Caramelized Onion Powder and Marash Red Chili Flakes, Replacing Salt with Spices, New Research on Memory and the MIND Diet and Easing Back Pain

Whether you’re scooping with potato chips or veggie sticks, onion dip is a crowd-pleaser. And when it’s made with my high-quality spices, your guests will be clamoring for more! I’m also sharing my recipe for jerk seasoning, a Caribbean spice mix most famous in Jamaican cuisine—it’s a dry rub you can use on any protein or hearty vegetable like cauliflower. These are just two of the recipes included in the brand-new set of herbs and spices from the T. J. Robinson Curated Culinary selections, and they show how well the choices I included work together. Also in this newsletter are findings from a recent study on the benefits of the MIND diet and one on keeping back pain from getting worse.

Rich Onion Dip

  • Rich Onion Dip Rich Onion Dip

    No need for a dried onion soup packet to create a zesty chip-and-veggie dip. The shallots add just the right amount of sweetness. For a large crowd, double or triple quantities.

    Ingredients

    • 1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil
    • 2 shallots, peeled and thinly sliced
    • 1 cup sour cream
    • 2 teaspoons Caramelized Onion Powder
    • 1/2 teaspoon Purple Garlic Powder
    • 1/2 teaspoon Marash Red Chili Flakes
    • 1/2 teaspoon fine sea salt
    • 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground Vine-Ripened Black Peppercorns
    • 1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice

    Directions

    Step 1

    Heat a small sauté pan. When hot, add the olive oil and shallots. Lower the heat to medium and let the shallots cook until brown and slightly crispy. Remove from heat.

    Step 2

    In a medium bowl, fold together the sour cream, onion and garlic powders, chili flakes, salt, and pepper. Stir in the lemon juice, then the reserved shallots. Let the flavors meld for 20 minutes before serving.

    Yields 1 generous cup

Jerk Seasoning

  • Jerk Seasoning on Chicken Jerk Seasoning

    This Caribbean-inspired blend favorite is a highly spiced dry rub that’s ideal for chicken and salmon but works with any protein. To impart the greatest flavor, rub it in well and let the food marinate overnight before cooking. Grilling is traditional, but you can use any method you like. Store any extra in the fridge for up to a month.

    Ingredients

    • 4 tablespoons brown sugar  
    • 1 tablespoon Purple Garlic Powder
    • 1 tablespoon Caramelized Onion Powder 
    • 2 teaspoons Ground Buffalo Ginger Root
    • 1-1/2 teaspoons Marash Red Chili Flakes 
    • 1 teaspoon freshly ground Vine-Ripened Black Peppercorns
    • 1-1/2 teaspoons Heirloom Vietnamese cinnamon 
    • 1 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg 
    • 2 teaspoons dried thyme
    • 1 teaspoon fine sea salt
    • 1 teaspoon paprika
    • 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves

    Directions

    Place all the ingredients in a large bowl and whisk until thoroughly combined.

    Yields about 1/2 cup

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight: Calamansi Vinegar

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Caramelized Onion Powder and Marash Red Chili Flakes

Caramelized Onion Powder

Onions have been part of our diet for more than 5,000 years. Though the exact origins of the onion aren’t clear, many historians believe this culinary mainstay came from central Asia. More than a staple in our ancestors’ kitchens, onions were also used as medicine and even played a cultural role. For instance, Egyptians believed the concentric rings symbolized eternal life. Onion powder dates back centuries, if not longer—it was the perfect way to preserve onions and impart their intense flavor to foods. Today, it’s found in so many American kitchens. 

The onions for my Caramelized Onion Powder are grown in the province of Vĩnh Phúc in Vietnam’s Red River Delta, one of the country’s main agricultural areas, thanks to its rich soil.  The onions are then sun-dried and ground, using a technique that imparts a sweet, toasty flavor unlike any you’ve experienced—think confectioners’ sugar meets onions! This silken powder is so rich that just a pinch will enhance any fresh onions in a recipe. It also has so many layers of flavor that you’ll find you need less salt, if any, when you use it.

Use it to elevate onion-based recipes, like puff pastry hors d’oeuvres, onion soup, and dips. It adds sweetness and a hint of pungency to a wide variety of dishes: vinaigrettes, eight-ingredient dry rub and other rubs, breading blends (it’s perfect for fried calamari!), BBQ and other tomato-based sauces, compound butters, deviled eggs, grilled fish, seared scallops, burger patties, pot roast, taco fillings, frittatas, roasted vegetables, zesty rice pilaf, and spiced nuts. (You’ll get recipes for the bolded dishes and more in the Spice Report that comes with my collection.)

When using it in place of onions in sautés and stir-fries, after heating your pan, add fresh-pressed olive oil and a teaspoon of onion powder, then wait a few seconds for the powder to “bloom” in the oil before adding the next ingredients.

Onions are rich in healthful sulfur compounds, the source of their pungent aroma and taste. While onion powder doesn’t convey the same level of nutrients as whole onions, a teaspoon does have small amounts of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and the B vitamin folate, along with antioxidants like quercetin and anti-inflammatory compounds.

Western Turkey teems with Mediterranean influences. The city and province known as Kahramanmaras (formerly Marash) is a few miles inland from the Mediterranean Sea, with just the right climate for growing one of the world’s most tantalizing chiles, the Marash pepper. The peppers are sun-dried, seeded, and ground in a special process that creates tiny, silky flakes. 

Marash Red Chili Flakes

The history of peppers began in Central and South America thousands of years ago. A few hundred years ago, European explorers brought seeds back home, and spice merchants introduced peppers to the rest of the world. Turkey’s unique terroir,with hot, dry summers and potassium-rich soil, is excellent for growing peppers, notably varieties such as Marash and Urfa, which I included in my previous Spice Collection. 

Marash Red Chili Flakes have a layered flavor profile: smoky and sweet, medium yet pronounced heat, and bright red fruity notes. They’re especially palate-pleasing because, unlike typical crushed red pepper flakes, they don’t have any seeds. They contain just a bit of salt and sunflower seed oil to preserve their unique texture.

These chili flakes add depth to many Middle Eastern and Mediterranean recipes as well as American and Mexican dishes, from cucumber salad, Cincinnati-style chili, tomato-cashew salsa, and pico de gallo, to the Greek feta dip htipiti. Sprinkle them on pasta, pizza, eggs, rice, sweet potatoes and other roasted vegetables, and avocado toast. Add them to recipes that use tahini, to honey for hot honey, to batters for calamari and other fried foods, and to ginger glaze for holiday hams. Make a marinade for olives, grilled lamb, and other meats by adding them to olive oil and lemon zest; add yogurt to that mix for a quick dip. Let these chili flakes impart a hint of heat to desserts like homemade chocolate bark and truffles, brownies, and even a scoop of chocolate ice cream.

Peppers have among the highest levels of antioxidants of any vegetable, including compounds like vitamin C, phenolics, and carotenoids, all strong disease fighters. All peppers get their spiciness from capsaicin, which has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, so they may help protect against infection, improve digestion, and possibly one day have a role in anti-cancer therapies. While the amount of these important nutrients in a pinch of the flakes is small, those pinches can add up to help meet nutritional needs.

Quick Kitchen Nugget: Let Spices Replace Salt

Quick Kitchen Nugget

Let Spices Replace Salt

Spices aren’t just for cooking—they’re also great for boosting flavor at the table. Enliven takeout food like pizza or rotisserie chicken with a sprinkling of my Caramelized Onion Powder or Purple Garlic Powder. Create new habits with your new spices: When you set the table, bring out the Marash Red Chili Flakes along with Vine-Ripened Black Peppercorns. You won’t reach for the salt shaker as often, and that’s great for your health. 

For Your Best Health: New Research on Memory and the MIND Diet 

For Your Best Health

New Research on Memory and the MIND Diet 

If you haven’t yet heard about the MIND diet, it’s a combination of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which was first introduced in 1997 to help lower high blood pressure. MIND was developed with the hope of helping ward off dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, and slowing cognitive decline. It includes green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collard greens along with other vegetables; recommends whole grains, olive oil, poultry, fish, beans, and nuts; and prioritizes berries over other fruits. 

Various studies have looked at whether and at how well it works, some with very promising results and others less so. Recent research published in Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology, focused on people with an average age of 64.About 30% of the14,145 participants were African American, a population group often underrepresented in health studies in general.

“With the number of people with dementia increasing with the aging population, it’s critical to find changes that we can make to delay or slow down the development of cognitive problems,” said study author Russell P. Sawyer, MD, of the University of Cincinnati in Ohio and member of the American Academy of Neurology. “We were especially interested to see whether diet affects the risk of cognitive impairment in both Black and white study participants.”

Participants filled out a questionnaire on their diet over the past year, and researchers looked at how closely the foods they ate matched the MIND diet. One point was given for each of the following: three or more daily servings of whole grains; six or more weekly servings of green leafy vegetables; one or more daily servings of other vegetables; two or more weekly servings of berries; one or more weekly servings of fish; two or more weekly servings of poultry; three weekly servings of beans; five weekly servings of nuts; one or more weekly servings of olive oil; four or fewer weekly servings of red meat; one or fewer weekly servings of fast or fried foods; one or fewer tablespoons of butter or margarine daily; five or fewer weekly servings of pastries and sweets; and one glass per day of wine. The total possible score was 12.

Researchers then divided participants into three groups. The low group had an average diet score of five, the middle group had an average score of seven, and the high group had an average score of nine. Thinking and memory skills were measured at the beginning and end of the study (participants were followed for an average of 10 years).

During the study, cognitive impairment developed in 532 people or 12% of 4,456 people in the low diet group; in 617 people or 11% of 5,602 people in the middle group; and in 402 people or 10% of the 4,086 people in the high group. After adjusting for factors such as age, high blood pressure, and diabetes, researchers found that people in the high group had a 4% decreased risk of cognitive impairment compared to those in the low group. 

However, when the researchers looked at the male and female participants separately, they found a 6% decreased risk of cognitive impairment in women who most closely followed the diet but no decreased risk for the men. Researchers also looked at how quickly people’s thinking skills declined as they developed problems. They found that these skills declined more slowly among people who more closely followed the MIND diet and that this association was stronger in African American participants than in white participants. 

“These findings warrant further study, especially to examine these varying impacts among men and women and Black and white people, but it’s exciting to consider that people could make some simple changes to their diet and potentially reduce or delay their risk of cognitive issues,” said Dr. Sawyer. 

The researchers pointed out that these results don’t prove that the MIND diet prevents cognitive impairment, but only that there’s an association, and because the study included only older people, results may not be the same for other populations. The study was funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute on Aging.

Fitness Flash: A Simple Change to Ease Back Pain

Fitness Flash

A Simple Change to Ease Back Pain

A study from the University of Turku in Finland examined whether reducing daily sitting could prevent or relieve back pain among adults who spend most of their days sitting—a simple concept with surprisingly scarce research. 

“Our participants were quite normal middle-aged adults who sat a great deal, exercised little, and had gained some extra weight. These factors increase not only the risk for cardiovascular disease but also for back pain,” said doctoral researcher and physiotherapist Jooa Norha, MSc, PT, of the University of Turku. Previous results from this and other research groups have suggested that sitting may be detrimental to back health, but the data had been preliminary.

The participants in this study reduced their sitting by 40 minutes a day, on average, during its six-month period. This small change, the researchers found, prevented their back pain from worsening over that timeframe. The finding strengthens the current understanding of the link between activity and back pain as well as the mechanisms related to back pain, said the researchers.

“If you have a tendency for back pain or excessive sitting and are concerned for your back health, try to figure out ways for reducing sitting at work or during leisure time. However, it is important to note that physical activity, such as walking or more brisk exercise, is better than simply standing up,” Norha pointed out.

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