Olive Oil Hunter News #256

Healthy Ingredient Spotlight

Cellophane Noodles

Cellophane noodles are an unusual type of noodle because they’re made from mung beans, sweet potato, or tapioca rather than wheat. They also go by many names, including glass noodles, bean thread, or Chinese vermicelli. While they’re generally gluten free, be sure to check labels to see whether they were made in the same facility as any gluten products to avoid any potential cross-contamination.

The noodles come dried and should be soaked according to the recipe or package instructions before cooking. You know they’re done when they’re transparent and soft but take care not to overcook them or else they’ll become mushy. Like many types of noodles, they take on the flavors of other ingredients in a recipe, so they lend themselves to many cuisines.

Quick Kitchen Nugget

Shopping for Frozen Shrimp

Buying flash-frozen shrimp is a great choice because it can often be fresher than “fresh” shrimp. But there are many types of frozen shrimp available, so it’s important to be selective. First and foremost, choose wild-caught, not farm-raised, shrimp. Look for certifications from the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) or Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC); these show that the shrimp were sustainably sourced, are traceable, and were harvested from healthy populations with minimal environmental impact before being individually quick frozen (or IQF)—shrimp frozen separately won’t be clumped in a block. For more convenience, look for frozen shrimp that’s already been shelled and deveined—when you buy a pound, you’re getting the full pound. A pound of shrimp with the shell nets only about 13 ounces of meat.

For Your Best Health

Control Blood Pressure to Reduce Dementia Risk

Researchers examined two known risk factors for developing dementia—one genetic and one relating to blood vessel damage in the brain. They wanted to know how much a person’s dementia risk might increase if they had both factors. In their study, published in the journal Annals of Neurology, they found that while the likelihood of developing dementia does rise if a person has both risk factors, there is a silver lining: The vascular component is within a person’s control, offering a route for minimizing dementia risk even if they have higher genetic risk.

“Our study addressed whether these two known risk factors act additively or multiplicatively to increase the risk of incident all-cause dementia,” says senior author Adam de Havenon, MD, associate professor of neurology at Yale School of Medicine. “We wanted to show that controlling vascular risk factors like high blood pressure could prevent harmful brain changes, meaning that even those with bad genetic luck could avoid the worst outcomes.”

The study used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study and the UK Biobank. The team assessed two measures: white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and whether a person was a carrier of the ε4 variant of the APOE gene. WMH are lesions, or scar tissue areas, in the brain that show up as bright white spots on an MRI. They’re associated with damage to the small blood vessels in the brain, which can be caused by high blood pressure and can accumulate over time. The APOE gene encodes for a protein involved in transporting fat, such as cholesterol. When people have the ε4 variant, they carry a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

The researchers found that participants with both a high WMH burden and at least one APOE ε4 allele faced elevated dementia risk compared to those with neither risk factor. These effects, however, were additive rather than multiplicative, meaning each factor contributed its own risk increase rather than also exacerbating the effect of the other factor. “This tells us something really important,” Dr. de Havenon explained. “Even if you’ve been dealt a bad genetic hand with APOE ε4, you’re not destined for dementia. The vascular component is modifiable.”

For instance, the health factors that can contribute to the development of WMH can be prevented or slowed through blood pressure management, diabetes control, and other cardiovascular interventions, he explained. “It’s really a two-hit scenario,” said Dr. de Havenon. “If you have APOE ε4 and you don’t take care of your vascular health, then you’re in a high-risk group. But having the APOE ε4 genotype is not a foregone conclusion for developing dementia later in life. Our analysis suggests that while the gene increases risk, the ultimate outcome is highly dependent on other factors. My hope is that people who find out they have this genetic mutation will be very serious about their vascular risk factors.”

Fitness Flash

The Longevity Benefits of Varied Exercise

It’s well known that physical activity levels have consistently been linked with lower mortality, but there’s been limited evidence about the role of specific physical activities, each of which can have distinct benefits. What had been unclear was whether long-term engagement in multiple physical activities has additional benefits. To answer that question, an international team of researchers analyzed physical activity data that spans more than 30 years from over 111,000 participants in the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.

Their study, published in BMJ Medicine, found that regularly engaging in a variety of physical activities may be the best way to prolong your lifespan. Specifically, participants with the broadest range of physical activities had a 19% lower risk of death from all causes and a 13%-14% lower risk of death from heart disease, respiratory disease, cancer, and other causes. Activities included walking, running, racquet sports, bicycling, rowing, swimming, and weight training. Only swimming couldn’t be identified as a known contributor to these results because it wasn’t possible to determine the intensity at which participants swam; further study is needed. On the other hand, the researchers confirmed the importance of weight training, a non-aerobic form of exercise that helps maintain muscle mass.

Their findings support the notion that engaging in a diverse range of physical activity types, alongside increasing total physical activity levels, may help reduce the risk of premature death and extend lifespan, adding a crucial new dimension to the advice to stay active: Variety is just as important as volume.